COGNATE WORDS LIST (Lista de Cognados Perfectos Inglés y Español)

Las palabras del inglés que se escriben de la misma forma que en español y conservan el mismo significado reciben el nombre de cognados perfectos. La mayoría de estos vocablos tiene origen latino y resultan especialmente beneficiosos para quienes están aprendiendo alguno de estos idiomas, ya que permiten ampliar el vocabulario de manera más sencilla.  

Algo importente revisar la pronunciación, pues como se escriben igual pero no se pronuncian  de la misma manera.

Es importante tener cuidado con los "falsos amigos" o falsos cognados, palabras que se escriben de manera similar pero tienen significados diferentes (por ejemplo, embarrassed significa avergonzado, no embarazado). Sin embargo, la mayoría de las palabras que terminan en "-al" o "-ción" (en español, "-tion" en inglés) son cognados verdaderos.

A continuación, se presenta una lista con algunos de los cognados perfectos más frecuentes:

Inglés	Español
Animal	Animal
Area	Área (difiere en la tilde)
Bar	Bar
Base	Base
Capital	Capital
Casual	Casual
Central	Central
Cereal	Cereal
Chocolate	Chocolate
Club	Club
Control	Control
Crisis	Crisis
Cruel	Cruel
Digital	Digital
Error	Error
Familiar	Familiar
Final	Final
Formal	Formal
General	General
Hospital	Hospital
Idea	Idea
Legal	Legal
Manual	Manual
Material	Material
Metal	Metal
Natural	Natural
No	No
Normal	Normal
Opinion	Opinión (solo en español lleva acento o tilde)
Personal	Personal
Popular	Popular
Probable	Probable
Radio	Radio
Regular	Regular
Social	Social
Total	Total
Universal	Universal
Version	Versión (solo en español lleva acento o tilde)
Visible	Visible
Vulnerable	Vulnerable

VERB TO BE , AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS FORM

 

Explanation – Verb To Be (Present Simple)

Affirmative (Afirmativo)

We use to be to say something about the subject (who or what someone is, or where someone is).

Structure:
Subject + verb to be + complement

Examples:

• I am a student. (Yo soy un estudiante)

• She is my friend. (Ella es mi amiga)

• They are in the park. (Ellos están en el parque)

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Negative (Negativo)

We add not after the verb to be to make the sentence negative.

Structure:
Subject + verb to be + not + complement

Examples:

• I am not tired. (Yo no estoy cansado)

• He is not a teacher. (Él no es profesor)

• We are not at school. (Nosotros no estamos en la escuela)

(Short forms / contracciones):

• is not → isn’t

• are not → aren’t

• am not → (no contraction)

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❓ Interrogative (Pregunta)

We put the verb to be before the subject to ask a question.

Structure:
Verb to be + subject + complement + ?

Examples:

• Am I late? (¿Estoy atrasado?)

• Is she your sister? (¿Ella es tu hermana?)

• Are they happy? (¿Ellos están felices?)

(Short answers):

• Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.

• Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

• Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

EXERCISES:

English Worksheet

Topic: Verb To Be – Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative

Name: ________________________ Grade: _____Date: _______ Score: ______

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Objective

To practice the verb to be in affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.

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Instructions

1. Read carefully the sentences.

2. Choose the correct answer for each one.

3. Mark your choice with an X.

4. Each correct answer is worth 1 point. Total: 10 points.

5. Review before turning in.

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Part A – Affirmative (3 items)

1. She ___ my best friend.
   a) am
   b) is
   c) are

2. They ___ from Spain.
   a) are
   b) am
   c) is

3. I ___ in the classroom.
   a) am
   b) are
   c) is

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Part B – Negative (3 items)

4. He ___ not a doctor.
   a) am
   b) is
   c) is not

5. We ___ not tired.
   a) are not
   b) am not
   c) is not

6. I ___ not from Mexico.
   a) am not
   b) is not
   c) are not

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Part C – Interrogative (4 items)

7. ___ you a student?
   a) Is
   b) Are
   c) Am

8. ___ she your sister?
   a) Are
   b) Am
   c) Is

9. Where ___ they from?
   a) are
   b) is
   c) am

10. ___ it a sunny day?
    a) Are
    b) Is
    c) Am

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Scoring

• Total: 10 points

• Points obtained: ______

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Answer Key

1. b) is

2. a) are

3. a) am

4. c) is not

5. a) are not

6. a) am not

7. b) Are

8. c) Is

9. a) are

10. b) Is

VERB TO BE (VERBO SER O ESTAR)

English Worksheet

Topic: Verb To Be

Name: ____________________Grade: ____Date: _____ 

Score: __________

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Objective: To recognize and use the verb to be (am, is, are) in simple affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in English.

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Instructions:

1. Read carefully the explanation about the verb to be.

2. Answer each question by choosing the correct alternative.

3. Mark your answer with an X.

4. Each correct answer is worth 1 point. Total: 10 points.

5. Check your answers before turning in.

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Explanation of the verb to be

The verb to be means “ser/estar” (to be).    It changes depending on the pronoun:  (cambia dependiendo del pronombre personal)  

• I am   → I am a student.

• You are → You are my friend.

• He is → He is tall.

• She is → She is happy.

• It is → It is a dog.

• We are → We are friends.

• They are → They are teachers.

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Exercises (1 point each)

1. I ________ a teacher.
   a) is
   b) am
   c) are

2. She ________ my best friend.
   a) is
   b) am
   c) are

3. They ________ from Chile.
   a) are
   b) am
   c) is

4. We ________ in the classroom.
   a) am
   b) is
   c) are

5. He __________ very tall.
   a) am
   b) are
   c) is

6. You __________ my brother.
   a) am
   b) are
   c) is

7. It ___________ a sunny day.
   a) are
   b) is
   c) am

8. My parents __________ doctors.
   a) am
   b) are
   c) is

9. I __________ not tired.
   a) am
   b) is
   c) are

10. ___________ you a student?
    a) Am
    b) Is
    c) Are

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Scoring

• Total: 10 points

• Points obtained: ______

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Answer Key

1. b) am

2. a) is

3. a) are

4. c) are

5. c) is

6. b) are

7. b) is

8. b) are

9. a) am

10. c) Are